Heat the oven to 400°F. Line a rimmed baking sheet with foil and set a wire rack on top. Pat the roasted corn dry so excess moisture does not soften the meatloaf.
In a large bowl, combine the ground beef, corn, poblano, breadcrumbs, egg, Monterey Jack, ketchup, chili powder, cumin, salt, and black pepper. Mix gently just until evenly combined.
Shape the mixture into a compact loaf on the wire rack. Lay the bacon slices across the top, tucking the ends underneath the loaf. Slightly overlap the slices so the meat is covered.
Bake until the center reaches 160°F and the bacon is browned and crisp, about 45 to 55 minutes. If the bacon needs more color, broil briefly while watching closely.
Let the meatloaf rest for 10 minutes before slicing. This helps the slices hold together and keeps the melted cheese and juices from running out.