Heat the oven to 375°F. Lightly oil a small rimmed baking sheet or line it with parchment paper.
Warm the olive oil in a skillet over medium heat. Add the kale and cook for 3 to 4 minutes, stirring, until wilted. Stir in the garlic and cook for 30 seconds. Transfer the mixture to a plate and let it cool.
In a large bowl, combine the ground turkey, egg, breadcrumbs, Parmesan, Italian seasoning, salt, and black pepper. Add the cooled kale mixture and chopped roasted red peppers.
Mix gently with your hands or a fork just until the ingredients are evenly combined. Shape the mixture into a compact loaf on the prepared baking sheet.
Bake until the center reaches 165°F on an instant-read thermometer, about 45 to 55 minutes. Rest the meatloaf for 10 minutes before slicing.