Heat the oven to 375°F. Line a small baking sheet or loaf pan with parchment paper.
In a large bowl, whisk the egg with 1/4 cup of the salsa. Stir in the breadcrumbs, cumin, chili powder, salt, and black pepper.
Add the ground turkey, black beans, corn, red bell pepper, and cilantro. Mix gently just until combined. Avoid packing or overworking the mixture, which can make the loaf dense.
Shape the mixture into a compact loaf on the prepared baking sheet, or gently press it into the loaf pan. Spread the remaining 1/4 cup salsa over the top.
Bake until the center reaches 165°F on an instant-read thermometer, about 45 to 55 minutes. Let the meatloaf rest for 10 minutes before slicing so it holds together.