Rinse the chicken inside and out. Stuff the cavity with the rinsed rice, 3 garlic cloves, and 2 ginseng roots.
Place the stuffed chicken in a large pot. Add the remaining ginseng roots, remaining garlic cloves, and water.
Bring the pot to a boil over medium-high heat, then lower to a gentle simmer. Skim any foam that rises to the surface.
Cover the pot partially and simmer for 90 minutes until the chicken is very tender and the broth tastes lightly herbal.
Remove the chicken and stir the salt into the broth. Shred or carve the chicken into portions, discarding the bones.
Divide the rice from the cavity and the broth among four bowls. Top each bowl with chicken pieces and sliced scallions.